The castle was built between two hills, Profitis Llias and Sara, and dominated the Plain of Argos. It was first built in 1350 BC by Perseus, son of Zeus and Danae, using the labour of Cyclopes. Hence the walls are known as Cyclopean. It was almost triangular in shape with an area of 30,000 square metres. It was the seat of Agamemnon, the most powerful king at the time, and famous as being the commander-in-chief of the Trojan campaign.

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Epidaurus is believed to be the birthplace of Aesclepius, God of healing. Medicine was ritualized, therefore a theatre was built to honour the rites. With a capacity of 14,000 spectators, the acoustics are so good that even a drop of a coin at the stage can be heard at the higher level. This is designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

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It was a square building with a central court surrounded by colonnade. It had rooms for anointing the body with oil, powdering it with dust, and baths. It was used to train athletes in wrestling, boxing, and jumping.

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