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Battery Island was the most formidable fortification that protected the entrance to the harbour. It took the New Englanders six weeks during the first seige in 1745 to silence the guns that were there. The Island Battery had 160 troops, it needed to be defeated before the Royal Navy could enter the harbour.
During the second seige of Louisbourg in 1758, on the 25 June, Wolfe's artillery from Lighthouse Point had knocked the French guns on Battery Island out of action, and his siege was drawing nearer to Louisbourg’s walls.
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On June 1, 1758 a massive British force arrived at Louisbourg ready to attack the French fortress for the second time, first siege was in 1745. The British force anchored in Gabarus Bay, 4.8 km (3mi) from Louisbourg.
With the walls nearly 11 meters (36ft) thick in some places, nine meters (29.5ft) high, and facing the sea on three sides. Louisbourg had gun emplacements for 148 cannon, but not all were installed. With more gun emplacements around the harbour and on Battery Island the seaward approach to the town was well protected. The landward side was very marshy and it was thought guns could not get close enough to hit the fortress. Louisbourg was thought to be impregnable.
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Wolfe along with 1,220 men were sent to seize Lighthouse Point. After he captured it, the British artillery batteries were in position and opened fire on the French. The British battery had seventy cannons and mortars of all sizes. Within hours some of the walls and several buildings in Fortress Louisbourg were damaged.
In a few days, French cannon fire became less as their guns became disabled and the town's walls were weakened.
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This Fortress was the largest French Fortress and Naval Base in North America and a played a major part in trade and cod fishing. Construction of the fortified town started in 1719 and continued until it was captured by the British in 1745. It was returned to the French in 1748 by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.
With 157 ships, 16,000 troops and about 2,000 mounted guns the British force arrived in 1758, to attack the French fortress again. The French had a force of 3,500 men, 218 guns and 5 warships. After a seven-week siege under the command of Brigadier General James Wolfe and Major General Jeffrey Amherst, the French surrendered their fortress and its people were deported to France.
The victory at Louisbourg made it possible for the British to move up the St. Lawrence River and the capture of Quebec City. Following Fortress Louisbourg's surrender in 1759, British engineers began the systematic reduction of Louisbourg's defenses in 1760 to prevent it being returned to the French by any future peace treaty.
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Stella Maris Roman Catholic church stood here from about 1891 until 1968. It served the communities of Old Town, West Louisbourg and the Town of Louisbourg. The church and associated glebe house were removed, along with many houses, as part of the project to reconstruct the Fortress Louisbourg.
The cemetery is still a final resting place for those families who had plots there or other older members of the Old Town community.
The cemetery represents only a portion of those who are buried there. Many people either did not have markers, or the wooden crosses or field stones marking their graves have disappeared.
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